After cleaning, it is used for a variety of purposes, including heating of the hot blast. Under carnegie steel a new blast furnace plant was constructed with the industrys first fully mechanized material handling system, an innovation which came to be called the duquesne revolution. Drain rate and liquid level simulation in blast furnace. When oxygen and power plants are included in the comparison, the capital and operating costs of a finex plant are approximately 20% and 15% lower, respectively, than in the blast furnace route. Glossary of terms used for a blast furnace ispatguru. The typical load is 5 to 6 ton with the furnace operating for 16 to 18 hours daily. Fuel is also used at double the rate of regular furnaces, so the number of items smelted per fuel stays the same. Mini blast furnace mbf is the most proven technology, as revealed by one recent global iron production data. Health and safety executive contents introduction 3 executive summary 3 the event 3 the cause 3 the investigation 4 lessons 4 background 8 the company 8 the plant 8 the management structure 8 the blast furnace 9 the structure of the blast furnace 9 the ironmaking process 11 no. Steel authority of indias bhilai steel plant has blown in the plants blast furnace bf no. Description of a blast furnace plant main parts of a blast furnace, description and function composition of a charge in the production of pig iron in a blast furnace agglomeration and pelletization of iron ores requirements to individual components of a blast furnace charge time for the study. Unless otherwise specified, the design duty shall be 110% of the furnace duty in the normal case. A blast furnace is a block that smelts ores and metal armor and tools, similar to a furnace.
Slag granulation plant in slag granulation plant liquid slag is granulated by quenching it with high pressure water jet. Air blast system for blast furnace e plant maintenance. For most of its history, duquesne was a primary producer of semifinished steel products. This representation has been obtained in a virtual 3d environment and the components can be. Potential for complete recycling and influence on operation thesis pdf available october 2019 with 36 reads how we measure. The product is a liquid pig iron which is suitable for subsequent refining to steel. Blast refers to the combustion air being forced or supplied above atmospheric pressure in a blast furnace, fuel, ores, and flux are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of air sometimes with. Forging furnaces use an open fireplace system and most of the heat is transmitted by radiation. The raw ore is removed from the earth and sized into pieces that range from 0. Casting emissions also are generated by drilling and plugging the taphole.
Blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top. A high quality coke should be able to support a smooth descent of the blast furnace burden with. The charge, which consists of iron ore, coke and limestone etc. Blast furnaces produce pig iron from iron ore by the reducing action of carbon supplied as coke at a high temperature in the presence of a fluxing agent such as limestone. The blast furnace plant c h a p t e r 51 the blast furnace plant o u t l i n e 51. Of the several operating cases, the one in which the heater duty is the highest, shall be regarded as the normal case. The blast furnace construction is presented in figure 3 with all the functional components needed. This ore is either hematite fe 2 o 3 or magnetite fe 3 o 4 and the iron content ranges from 50% to 70%. Overview of the steelmaking process pellets sinter limestone coke iron ore coal scrap blast furnace ironmaking converter steelmaking ladle refining blast furnace steelmaking coalnatural gas plate hotrolled bars rods tube rounds rails slab billet bloom hotrolled and coldrolled strip coils structural shapes. Iron blast furnace is a vertical shaft, which is used to melt the iron ore and to produce hot metal by heat exchange and chemical reaction. As the mixture of iron ore, coke and limestone heats, the hot waste gases are collected and cleansed. Innovative uses of hydrogen in steelmaking presentation by jayson ripke, midrex technologies, inc.
C h a p t e r 51 the blast furnace plant o u t l i n e 51. The total energy use distribution 24 by various units of the steel plant coke ovens, sinter plant, blast furnaces, steel shop, rolling mills, and power plant is shown in figure 4. With design, manufacture and installation of pig iron, ferromanganese smelting blast furnace, sinter plant, hot air stove, cip system, shaft furnace, lime kiln, etc. In operation since 1997, it produces around 5,000 tonnes of pig iron during an average of three taps each day. A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. Mini blast furnaces mbf are generally viewed as miniature versions of the conventional large blast furnaces bf. Pelletizing a pellet plant contains a series of balling drums where the iron ore concentrate is formed into soft pellets, in much the same manner that one rolls a snowball, to make a pellet about the size of a marble between 14 and 12. A world class blast furnace operation demands the highest quality of raw materials, operation, and operators. Recycling of blast furnace sludge within the integrated steel plant. Blast furnace is used to reduce the iron ore to iron. Air heated in the blast furnace stoves, is applied from the bottom of the. This oxygen is part of the enriched hot air blast which is blown and distributed at the bottom of the b. Blast furnace gas cleaning plant nippon steel engineering.
Blast furnaces are used to produce pig iron from iron ore for subsequent. The blast furnace gas bfg generated in the bf is cleaned through a series of steps primary cleaning at dust catchercyclone and secondary cleaning at. The raw materials stored in the ore yard are raw ore, several types of. In this case, the converter gas, which is generated by oxygen blowing process, is cleaned. Blast furnace slag an overview sciencedirect topics. Once an item and a fuel are placed into the blast furnace, the block state changes to lit and the item is smelted twice as fast as a regular furnace.
Ironmaking blast furnaces consist of several zones. They are then used to help heat the air blast, required if blast furnace is to reach the high temperatures needed to produce molten iron. It can be noted that the major share 72% of energy is required during iron making which includes coke making 12%, iron ore sintering 6%, and blast furnaces 54%. Expanded blast furnace slag is a small part of the supply of structural lightweight aggregates. Blast furnaces are used continuously and are only shut down when their brick lining needs replacing. The formation of iron and steel the blast furnace 2.
Up to today, lining materials have been supplied to about 50 blast furnaces in italy and abroad always achieving excellent results and acquiring a solid reputation among the users. Blast furnaces, steel industry and trade publisher osceola mills, pa. The burden charge consisting of iron oxide, flux and coke and it provides through the throat from the top of the furnace. Project standards and specifications page 7 of 33 rev. Skip hoist it is the hoisting mechanism for taking the skip from the stock house to the furnace top. The mighty centre of the plant is blast furnace 5a. Even after tapping, there is always some amount of residual slag in the hearth figure 1. The cleaned blast furnace gases are used to preheat stoves and boilers within the steel plant. It is usually situated by the side of the casthouse. There is an ore storage yard that can also be an ore dock where boats and barges are unloaded. Particulate emissions are generated when the molten iron and slag contact air above their surface. Blast furnaces are similar to furnaces, but can smelt only ore blocks and toolsarmor made of iron, gold or chainmail. Permeability and density of the coke grid are not uniform within the hearth.
Iron oxides can come to the blast furnace plant in the form of raw ore, pellets or sinter. Blast furnaces can generate in all villages variant armorer houses, usually under blocks of glazed terracotta. Currently this plant operates three blast furnaces with an annual capacity more than 2 million tons of hot metal which is sufficient to meet the requirements of hot metal customers. A blast furnace produces liquid iron by reduction of iron ore burden with reducing gasesthe reducing gases are produced by the reaction of oxygen with coke and coal. In the process, it produces 300,000 cubic metres of cocontaining blastfurnace gas every hour, which is discharged, purified and temporarily stored in a large gas holder. Harbisonwalker refractories acero alloy appointed basic oxygen basic oxygen furnace blast furnace carbon carrier corp cent chemical coal coke oven construction div continuous casting crane davis fire brick engineering and construction engineering or foundry facilities foundrymill machinery div. The corex process combines coking plant, sinter plant and blast furnace into a single iron making unit. The principle of blast furnace operational technology and. This is the first step towards commissioning of mahamaya which has a useful volume of 4060 cubic metre and capacity of producing 8030 tonnes of hot metal per day or and 2. The blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally iron, but also others such as lead or copper. Steel duquesne works, blast furnace plant, along monongahela river, duquesne, allegheny county, pa enlarge view 81 images in sequence. The furnace temperature is maintained at around 1200 to 1250 oc. Blast furnace an introduction blast furnace is the focus of any integrated steel plant. Blast furnace smelting equipment sinter plant lime.
Prior art keywords gas blast furnace turbine compressor cleaning prior art date 20140819 application number lu92525a other languages french fr inventor lionel hausemer. Stoves absorb heat from the combustion of blast furnace gases with air and transfer this heat to the air blast that will be injected into the blast furnace. With the new furnace onstream, sail bsps hot metal capacity will go up to 7. Step 2 the blast furnace the outer case is a water cooled steel casing that provides the main support for the 30 m high furnace. The forging furnace is used for preheating billets and ingots to attain a forge temperature. While gasbased as well as coalbased dri production routes produced 2. Coke is the most important raw material fed into the blast furnace in terms of its effect on blast furnace operation and hot metal quality.
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